Severance Tax Calculator 2026 β€” Net Pay After Taxes

Calculate how much severance pay you'll actually keep after federal income tax, FICA, and state taxes. Compare flat vs aggregate withholding methods.

$
Total gross severance package
$
Used to calculate SS wage base already used
%
CA=9.3%, NY=6.85%, TX/FL=0%
For context β€” affects installment analysis
Flat 22% is most common. Aggregate withholds based on your combined income bracket.
$0
Net Take-Home
$0
Federal Tax (Actual)
$0
FICA Taxes
$0
State Tax

Severance Tax Breakdown

Withholding vs Actual Tax Comparison

This shows what your employer withholds vs what you actually owe. The difference becomes a refund or additional payment at tax time.

Tax ItemWithheld (Flat 22%)Withheld (Aggregate)Actual Tax Owed

How Severance Pay Is Taxed

Severance pay is taxed as ordinary income β€” just like wages. It is subject to federal income tax, FICA (Social Security and Medicare), and state income tax. The IRS considers severance "supplemental wages," which allows for two withholding methods: a flat 22% or the aggregate method.

The flat 22% method is simple: your employer withholds exactly 22% for federal taxes (37% if severance exceeds $1 million). This may not match your actual marginal rate. If you're in the 24% or higher bracket, you'll owe additional tax when you file. If you're in the 12% bracket, you'll receive a refund.

The aggregate method treats your severance as if it were a regular paycheck, combined with your other wages. This often leads to higher withholding because it assumes the severance is earned at the highest rate. While more complex, it tends to be more accurate.

The Formula

Actual Federal Tax = Tax on (Salary + Severance) βˆ’ Tax on (Salary alone)
SS Tax = min(Severance, max(0, $184,500 βˆ’ Prior W-2 Wages)) Γ— 6.2%
Medicare Tax = Severance Γ— 1.45% (+ 0.9% if total wages exceed $200K)

Flat Withholding = Severance Γ— 22% (or 37% above $1M)
Aggregate Withholding β‰ˆ (Combined tax βˆ’ Regular withholding already paid)

Example

$80,000 severance, $120,000 annual salary, Single, 5% state tax:
SS tax: Salary already used $120K of $184,500 cap. SS on severance: min($80K, $56,100) Γ— 6.2% = $3,478
Medicare: $80,000 Γ— 1.45% = $1,160
Federal marginal tax on $80K (added to $120K salary) at ~32–35% bracket: ~$27,200
State tax: $80,000 Γ— 5% = $4,000
Total taxes: ~$35,838 | Net take-home: ~$44,162
Flat 22% withheld: $17,600 β€” under-withheld by ~$9,600 (owe at filing)
Extended

Lump Sum vs Installment Analysis

Compare total tax when taking severance all in one year vs split over two years

Should you take all your severance in one year or spread it over two? This analysis compares the total tax cost of each approach.

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New salary after finding employment. Used for installment comparison.
Scenario Year 1 Tax Year 2 Tax Total Tax Net Severance Savings vs Lump Sum
Optimal Strategy

Frequently Asked Questions

How is severance pay taxed?
Severance pay is treated as supplemental wages by the IRS and is subject to federal income tax, Social Security tax (6.2%, up to the annual wage base), and Medicare tax (1.45%). There are two withholding methods: the flat 22% federal withholding rate (for amounts up to $1 million) or the aggregate method, which combines severance with your regular pay and calculates withholding based on your total income.
What is the difference between flat and aggregate withholding for severance?
The flat method withholds exactly 22% federal tax on severance regardless of your income bracket (37% on amounts over $1 million). This often results in under-withholding for high earners and over-withholding for lower earners. The aggregate method adds your severance to a regular paycheck and calculates withholding as if you earned that amount all year β€” often resulting in higher withholding but more accurate tax estimates. You may owe or receive a refund when you file, depending on your actual marginal rate.
Is it better to receive severance as a lump sum or installments?
It depends on your marginal tax rate. Receiving all severance in one year could push you into a higher tax bracket, especially if you find new employment. Spreading severance over two years (if negotiable) can reduce your marginal rate on some of the income. For example, $80,000 severance in a year with no other income stays mostly in the 22% bracket, but combined with a full salary it may hit 32% or 35%.
Do I owe FICA taxes on severance?
Yes, severance pay is subject to FICA. Social Security tax (6.2%) applies to your wages up to the $184,500 wage base in 2026. If you already earned $184,500+ in W-2 wages before receiving severance, no additional Social Security tax is owed on the severance. Medicare tax (1.45%) applies to all wages with no cap, plus an extra 0.9% on wages above $200,000 (single) or $250,000 (married filing jointly).
What negotiation strategies can reduce my severance taxes?
Several strategies can reduce severance taxes: (1) Request installment payments spread across two tax years, especially if you expect lower income next year; (2) Maximize pre-tax retirement contributions (401k, HSA) from your remaining regular paychecks before your last day; (3) Negotiate for some payments as non-cash benefits like extended health insurance or outplacement services, which may be tax-favored; (4) Ask if any portion can be characterized as a non-compete agreement payment, which has different tax treatment.